Steps to Obtain a Firearms License

Obtaining a firearms license for security work requires completing a series of steps to ensure legal compliance and proper training. While specific requirements vary by state, most jurisdictions follow a similar process. Security officers must complete each step before carrying a firearm on duty.

Step 1: Meet the Eligibility Requirements

Before applying for a firearms license, security officers must meet basic eligibility requirements, which typically include:

Being at least 21 years old (some states allow 18 for security work)
Being a U.S. citizen or legal resident
Having a clean criminal record (felony convictions, domestic violence charges, and certain misdemeanors may disqualify applicants)
Passing a background check and fingerprint screening
Being mentally and physically capable of handling a firearm

Step 2: Obtain a Security Guard License

Most states require individuals to hold a valid security guard license before applying for a firearms permit. This may involve:

Completing an unarmed security training course
Submitting an application to the state licensing agency
Undergoing a background check and fingerprinting
Receiving a security guard registration or license number

Step 3: Enroll in a State-Approved Firearms Training Course

Before applying for a firearms license, security officers must complete a state-approved firearms training program. This course typically includes:

Firearms safety and handling procedures
Legal regulations on carrying and using a firearm
Use of force policies and deadly force laws
Shooting proficiency and live-fire qualification at a firing range
Firearms maintenance and storage requirements

Step 4: Pass a Written Exam and Firearms Qualification Test

Most states require security officers to pass both a written test and a live-fire shooting qualification. These tests assess:

Knowledge of firearm laws and safety procedures
Proper handling and marksmanship skills
The ability to demonstrate accuracy in a controlled shooting environment

Step 5: Submit a Firearm License Application

After completing training and passing all required tests, security officers must apply for a firearms license with their state’s regulatory agency. This process usually includes:

Filling out an official firearm permit application
Providing proof of completed training and certification
Submitting to another background check and fingerprinting
Paying licensing fees (varies by state)

Step 6: Receive the Firearms License and Employer Authorization

Once approved, security officers receive their firearm permit, allowing them to carry a firearm while on duty. However, security guards must also obtain authorization from their employer before carrying a firearm at work. Some employers may have additional internal policies, such as:

Requiring additional training or company certification
Limiting the type of firearm that can be carried
Restricting when and where a firearm may be used on duty

Step 7: Maintain and Renew the License as Required

A firearms license is not permanent and must be renewed periodically. States typically require:

Annual or biennial firearm requalification at a shooting range
Refresher courses on firearm safety and laws
License renewal applications and fees
Additional background checks for continued eligibility

Important Reminders

Firearm licensing requirements vary by state. Security officers must check with their state’s regulatory agency for exact steps and requirements.
Carrying a firearm without proper licensing is illegal and can result in criminal charges and job loss.
Even with a firearms license, security officers must comply with employer policies and state laws regarding the use of force.
Ongoing training is essential to ensure firearm proficiency and legal compliance.

Security officers must take every step seriously when applying for a firearms license. Proper training, certification, and legal compliance are critical to performing armed security duties safely and professionally.